Criminal Law

U.S. v. Shaw

Federal 7th Circuit Court
Criminal Court
Sentencing
Citation
Case Number: 
No. 19-2067 et al. Cons.
Decision Date: 
April 28, 2020
Federal District: 
C.D. Ill.
Holding: 
Reversed and remanded

Dist. Ct. erred in denying four defendants' motions for reduction in sentence under First Step Act, where Dist. Ct. found that said defendants were not eligible for said reduction in their sentences. Defendants were convicted of crack cocaine offenses, and each defendant was eligible for relief under First Step Act by having committed "covered offense,"  because: (1) each defendant had committed crack-cocaine offense prior to August 3, 2010; and (2) penalty for each crack-cocaine conviction had been modified by Fair Sentencing Act. Also, while Dist. Ct. indicated that it would not reduce sentence for one defendant, even if said defendant was eligible for relief under First Step Act, remand was still required for that defendant, because it was unclear whether Dist. Ct. had adequately considered said defendant's argument that reduction in sentence was justified because he had demonstrated exemplary pre-and-post-detention conduct, or because govt. had recommended sentence that was 10 percent below applicable guideline range.

U.S. v. O’Leary

Federal 7th Circuit Court
Criminal Court
Reasonable Doubt
Citation
Case Number: 
No. 18-1931
Decision Date: 
April 27, 2020
Federal District: 
N.D. Ill., E. Div.
Holding: 
Affirmed

Record contained sufficient evidence to support defendant's conviction in bench trial on charge of distribution of 280 grams of substance containing cocaine base under 21 USC section 841(a)(1) and (b)(1)(A)(ii). While defendant argued that record failed to show beyond reasonable doubt that he had distributed 280 grams of cocaine, Dist. Ct. could properly rely on inculpatory statements regarding drug quantity made in defendant's grand jury testimony, where his statements were corroborated by parties' stipulation, as well as contents of wire-tapped telephone calls indicating frequency of sales and quantity of drugs contained in packets of drugs sold to others. Also, defendant was responsible for amount of drugs sold by others engaged in same conspiracy that established requisite quantity of drugs at issue in charged offense.

People v. Gladney

Illinois Appellate Court
Criminal Court
Hearsay
Citation
Case Number: 
2020 IL App (3d) 180087
Decision Date: 
Friday, April 24, 2020
District: 
3d Dist.
Division/County: 
Peoria Co.
Holding: 
Affirmed.
Justice: 
HOLDRIDGE

Defendant was convicted of unlawful possession of a controlled substance and unlawful possession with intent to deliver. Police officer's testimony that "other officers" saw Defendant hand someone a bag was hearsay. This officer did not personally observe transfer but reported what other officers saw, and was elicited to prove the truth of the matter asserted. This statement was a "plain error." Evidence of elements of both offenses (Defendant's possession and intent to distribute the narcotics contained in the bags) was not close. Impeachment of a witness's statement was permitted because this testimony affirmatively damaged the State's case. Thus, State properly impeached witness's testimony by introducing additional evidence of witnesses's statement to the police through another police sergeant's testimony. Sergeant's testimony as to witness's statement at the scene was excepted from hearsay as a prior inconsistent statement admitted to impeach witness's testimony and is not a "plain error." (CARTER and O'BRIEN, concurring.)

People v. York

Illinois Appellate Court
Criminal Court
Burglary
Citation
Case Number: 
2020 IL App (2d) 160463
Decision Date: 
Wednesday, April 22, 2020
District: 
2d Dist.
Division/County: 
Du Page Co.
Holding: 
Affirmed.
Justice: 
BIRKETT

Defendant was convicted, after bench trial, of retail theft and burglary and sentenced to concurrent terms totaling 6 years, for stealing several bottles of liquor and steaks from a grocery store. A rational trier of fact could have found that Defendant entered the store with the intent to commit a theft. His actions were quick and deliberate, a get-away driver was waiting for him, he had committed similar crimes in the past, and he made comments suggesting, in phone conversations, that he planned to commit a theft at that grocery that day, which clearly acknowledged a preconceived plan. (HUDSON and BRIDGES, concurring.)

People v. Abtahi

Illinois Appellate Court
Criminal Court
Guilty Pleas
Citation
Case Number: 
2020 IL App (1st) 181631
Decision Date: 
Friday, April 24, 2020
District: 
1st Dist.
Division/County: 
Cook Co., 6th Div.
Holding: 
Affirmed.
Justice: 
HARRIS

In 1997, Defendant pled guilty to manufacture or delivery of heroin, and was sentenced to 2 years probation. In 2017, Defendant filed a section 2-1401 petition through same attorney who represented him at the plead hearing. Petition alleged that court knew Defendant was not a U.S. citizen but did not admonishment him that he was pleading guilty to a "deportable offense." Court properly dismissed Defendant's Section 2-1401 petition as untimely. Trial court had personal and subject-matter jurisdiction when it entered judgment on guilty plea, and thus Defendant fails to show that the judgment was void. Thus, Defendant was not excused from the 2-year limitations period for section 2-1401 petitions. (CUNNINGHAM and CONNORS, concurring.)

People v. Dawson

Illinois Appellate Court
Criminal Court
Probation
Citation
Case Number: 
2020 IL App (4th) 170872
Decision Date: 
Thursday, April 23, 2020
District: 
4th Dist.
Division/County: 
Champaign Co.
Holding: 
Appeal dismissed.
Justice: 
CAVANAGH

Court revoked Defendant's probation and resentenced her to 2 years for aggravated battery. Defendant's appellate counsel moved to withdraw for lack of reasonable argument for appeal. Defendant, who has fully served her sentence, failed to file a response to appellate counsel's motion. Assuming that Defendant will not again face a sentencing hearing, she lacks a personal stake in the question of probation revocation, and her appeal is moot. (DeARMOND and HARRIS, concurring.)

U.S. v. Perez

Federal 7th Circuit Court
Criminal Court
Sentencing
Citation
Case Number: 
No. 18-3156
Decision Date: 
April 23, 2020
Federal District: 
W.D. Wisc.
Holding: 
Affirmed

Dist. Ct. did not err in imposing 121-month term of incarceration on drug distribution charge arising out of 98-gram controlled purchase of heroin. Presentencing investigation report (PSR) indicated that instant purchase was small piece of much larger criminal enterprise involving hundreds of thousands of dollars, and Ct. of Appeals rejected defendant's claim that Dist. Ct. should have recused himself under 28 USC section 455 based on claim that Dist. Ct. was not impartial, even though record showed that Dist. Ct. sua sponte continued sentencing hearing and considered evidence at reconvened sentencing hearing that supported finding that defendant had distributed additional 435 grams of methamphetamine, which, in turn, increased defendant's sentencing guideline range. Record also showed that defendant did not move for recusal during sentencing hearing, and Dist. Ct. did not otherwise demonstrate deep-seated antagonism or favoritism that would make fair judgment impossible. Moreover, Dist. Ct. could properly take testimony at reconvened sentencing hearing that focused on claim that defendant had supplied third-party with additional drugs, where said testimony was taken in effort to ensure that reliable evidence was used to enhance defendant's sentence.

The Ball Is in Your Court

By Benjamin M. Sardinas
May
2020
Article
, Page 34
Addressing assessment and sentencing credit errors at the trial court level after Illinois Supreme Court Rule 472.

People v. Othman

Illinois Appellate Court
Criminal Court
Evidence
Citation
Case Number: 
2020 IL App (1st) 150823-B
Decision Date: 
Tuesday, April 7, 2020
District: 
1st Dist.
Division/County: 
Cook Co., 2d Div.
Holding: 
Reversed and remanded with directions.
Justice: 
PUCINSKI

(Vacated in Part by Supervisory Order 01/09/20.) Defendant, age 17 at time of offense, was convicted, after jury trial, of the 2008 murder of his uncle. Conviction was based on the impeached, conflicting testimonies of a jailhouse.  informant and a crack addict. Jury received evidence that was not related to the crime charged (Defendant's possession of a gun in 2010), and thus should not have been admitted, so that the sufficiency of the evidence is questionable. Court erred when it gave jury instruction IPI 3.14, and limited its consideration of the gun in Defendant's possession in 2010 to a question of intent only.Court erred when it failed to ask venire members the 8 questions required under Zehr, per Rule 431(b).Evidence was closely balanced. Defense counsel's failure to object to hearsay denied Defendant his basic right to challenge the State's case. Cumulative effect of errors and ineffective assistance of counsel resulted in an unfair trial. (WALKER, concurring; COGHLAN, specially concurring.)

In re Commitment of Williams

Illinois Appellate Court
Civil Court
Sexually Violent Persons
Citation
Case Number: 
2020 IL App (3d) 180588
Decision Date: 
Friday, April 17, 2020
District: 
3d Dist.
Division/County: 
Tazewell Co.
Holding: 
Affirmed.
Justice: 
SCHMIDT

Jury found Respondent to be a sexually violent person. Court did not abuse its discretion in determining that it did not lack sufficient information to assist in framing the commitment order, and thus did not err in holding the dispositional hearing immediately after trial. Plain language of 725 ILCS 207(40(b)(1) establishes that trial court is permitted to hold a dispositional hearing immediately after trial; but that court, if it believes it lacks sufficient information to make a determination, may adjourn hearing and order Department of Human Services to conduct a predispositional investigation or supplementary mental examination.  Section 40(b)(1) does not dictate that Respondent is entitled to a court-appointed expert witness.(LYTTON, concurring; McDADE, dissenting.)